Biology
Explore the principles of evolution, population genetics, ecology, and developmental biology. Watch alleles sweep to fixation, predator-prey populations oscillate, and patterns emerge from reaction-diffusion equations. These interactive simulations bring theoretical biology to life, from Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium to coalescent genealogies and evolutionary game theory.
Population Genetics & Evolution
Explore the forces that shape genetic variation. Watch selection, mutation, migration, and drift change allele frequencies, and trace genealogies backward through the coalescent.
Hardy-Weinberg & Evolutionary Forces
Adjust selection, mutation, migration, and drift to see allele frequencies evolve—explore when Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium holds
Linkage Disequilibrium Dynamics
Watch two-locus haplotype frequencies evolve—see how recombination breaks down linkage disequilibrium
Selective Sweeps & Genetic Hitchhiking
Watch a beneficial allele sweep to fixation—see linked neutral variants hitchhike along
Muller's Ratchet & Mutation Accumulation
Simulate asexual populations accumulating deleterious mutations—watch the fittest class irreversibly disappear
Migration-Selection Balance
Balance migration against local selection—explore stable clines and gene flow across environments
Coalescent Gene Genealogies
Generate random genealogies backward in time—add population structure to see migration and coalescence
Quantitative & Molecular Genetics
Apply the breeder's equation to quantitative traits and explore adaptive landscapes with fitness peaks and valleys. Simulate CRISPR gene drives spreading through populations.
The Breeder's Equation
Select for a quantitative trait and watch response to selection—explore heritability and breeding values
Adaptive Landscapes
Fitness peaks and valley crossing
CRISPR Gene Drive Dynamics
Simulate CRISPR homing gene drives—adjust homing efficiency and fitness costs to see invasion dynamics
Ecological Dynamics
Watch predator-prey cycles, epidemic outbreaks, and cooperation emerge in public goods games. Explore Allee effects and critical population thresholds for survival.
Predator-Prey Cycles
Watch predator and prey populations oscillate in phase space—adjust parameters to see cycles or extinction
Lotka–Volterra Evolution
Eco-evolutionary dynamics
SIR Epidemic Dynamics
Simulate epidemic spread through susceptible, infected, and recovered compartments—adjust R₀ to see outbreak dynamics
Allee Effects & Critical Population Size
Explore populations with positive density dependence—find critical thresholds for survival or extinction
Public Goods Game & Cooperation
Simulate cooperators producing public goods and cheaters free-riding—explore the tragedy of the commons
Pattern Formation & Development
Watch Turing patterns form stripes and spots from reaction-diffusion equations. Build genetic circuits with toggle switches and repressilators. See traveling waves of advance spread across space.
Turing Reaction-Diffusion Patterns
Watch stripes and spots form from reaction-diffusion equations—adjust activator and inhibitor parameters
Genetic Toggle Switches & Oscillators
Build toggle switches and repressilators from transcription factors—see bistability and oscillations emerge
Fisher–KPP Wave
Traveling wave of advance
Evolutionary Game Theory
Apply Hamilton's rule to kin selection and explore evolutionarily stable strategies. Watch replicator dynamics play out in Hawk-Dove games and other evolutionary conflicts.
Phylogenetics & Macroevolution
Simulate birth-death phylogenetic trees and watch lineages diversify over time. Explore how speciation and extinction shape the tree of life.
