Cluster Optical Depth

Cluster Properties

About the SZ Effect

CMB photons passing through hot galaxy cluster gas undergo inverse Compton scattering off energetic electrons, creating a characteristic spectral distortion.

  • Thermal SZ (tSZ): Temperature decrement at low frequencies, increment at high frequencies
  • Compton y-parameter: Measures integrated pressure along the line of sight
  • Null frequency: ~217 GHz where ΔT = 0
  • Cosmology: Used by ACT, SPT, Planck to find clusters and measure H₀

Typical Values

  • Rich cluster: T_e ~ 8-10 keV, y ~ 10⁻⁴
  • Poor group: T_e ~ 2-3 keV, y ~ 10⁻⁵
  • ΔT/T at 150 GHz: typically -10⁻⁴ to -10⁻³
  • Observation bands: 90, 150, 220, 270, 350 GHz